Witte bolletjes

A sign at Hartog's bakery in Amsterdam
says: "World's most beautiful weapon
on clay and sand is and always will be
the plough on farmland"

Holland's love for all things bread started early, around 4500BC, when a tribe of growers settled in the valley of southern Limburg and started growing grain. Slowly the grain selection expanded as wheat came in from France and rye from the German neighbors, causing a variety of breads, porridges and puddings to make their way onto the Dutch table.


The best soil for growing grains was (and still is) in the province of Zeeland, already famous for its quality flour in the twelfth and thirteenth century. Other provinces such as Friesland, Groningen and even Northern Holland tended to have a wetter soil and proved more beneficial for pasture land than cropland. Those provinces were often dependent on the import of grains from neighboring countries.

Besides wheat and rye, the Dutch also grew combinations of grain. Masteluin, a mixture of rye and wheat, provided the basis for a bread of the same name. Rye mixed with oats was called mancksaet and rye with barley spilkoren. All these grain mixes provided heavy, chewy, dark bread, that fed the masses of hard workers. White bread was limited to the wealthy and was nick-named "professor's bread" in the city of Leiden, birthplace of the first university in Holland in 1575, indicating that only the educated and were able to afford it.

Bread is a common theme in Dutch etymology. "Wittebroodsweken", or "white bread weeks", refers to the honeymoon period, those first six weeks after the wedding when a couple is still enjoying the festive and unique character of the celebration.

White rolls are used for hotdogs, broodje frikandel, for lunch boxes and to grace the table on a sunny Sunday morning for breakfast. Elongated breads, called puntjes, are the hotdog bun by choice or serve as the foundation for a puddingbroodje. Round ones, bolletjes, hold savory slices of cheese and tomato, juicy sheets of roast beef with slices of red onion, or peanut butter and hagelslag...... Such a simple bread, and yet so versatile.

Witte bolletjes
4 cups of all-purpose flour
2 teaspoons of salt
1 teaspoon of sugar
1 1/2 cups of water
2 scant teaspoons of active dry yeast
1/2 stick of butter
1/4 cup of powdered milk*

For the wash
1 small egg
4 tablespoons of milk

Mix the powdered milk with the water, warm to about 120F, add the butter and set aside to melt. Put the flour in a mixing bowl and mix in the sugar, salt and active dry yeast. Add the warm milk/butter mix and knead the dough for a good ten minutes until it comes together. Place in an oiled bowl, cover and let rise until almost doubled in size.

Brush the risen rolls before
they go into the oven

Punch down and divide into 3oz rolls. Grease a baking pan or casserole dish and place the rolls in the pan, leaving about an inch of distance in between in the pan. If you want high rolls, keep the inch, if you want flatter rolls, increase the distance. Cover and let rise until doubled in size.

Brush the rolls with an egg/milk wash, bake at 400F for about ten minutes or until done. Remove pan from oven, set aside and place the rolls on a rack to cool. When cooled, wrap to avoid drying out.

*If you don't have powdered milk, substitute the water for milk instead.

Now slice open a roll, smear with butter (never with mayo!) and add some good cheese or sandwich meat and enjoy this little luxury!

Disclaimer: if you're a heavy "scooper" your flour weight might be higher than mine, or lower if you scoop light. Adjust your liquids accordingly.